Transmission of pain signals by the brain at the spinal levelPain was defined by Coates & Hindle as an unpleasant emotional and sensory experience that signals a potential or actual damage to nervous system tissues (2011, p. 213). Pain is a common human experience and can result from injury and disease. There are two main types of pain; acute pain is short-lived, lasting from a few minutes to several days and its onset often occurs rapidly. It results from the activation of pain nerve endings or nociceptors by internal or external pain stimuli. On the other hand, chronic pain is continuous and sometimes recurrent and can last weeks, months or even years. Chronic pain is usually not localized or related to the tissue subjected to trauma (Draper & Knight, 2007, p. 104). Various theories have been proposed to explain the mechanism underlying pain transmission and perception. These include the specificity theory which holds that specific fibers and pain receptors are activated by an injury after which pain signals are projected through the spinal pathway to an area of ​​the body. brain that interprets pain. In this regard, specificity theory virtually equates peripheral injury with the psychological experience caused by pain (Anderson, 2004, p. 355). However, this theory has been found to hide several limitations as pain research has intensified over time. In light of this, the gate theory proposed by Melzack and Wall has made an important contribution to understanding the transmission and perception of pain (Pain Game Part 2, 2011). Research has shown that pain is influenced by psychological and physiological factors which help explain the mechanism underlying pain inhibition and/or facilitation...... half of the article...... has been noted that the gate control theory proposed by Melzack and Wall in 1965 formed the basis for understanding the process of pain signal transmission. The dorsal horn of the spinal cord is the region of the CNS that controls the passage of pain signals by opening and/or closing the gate. Pain can only be felt if it reaches the brain. Events that cause arousal, such as pain signals and the release of excitatory or facilitative chemicals, cause the gate to open, while inhibitory events such as competing nerve impulses caused by rubbing trigger the gate to close. The gate may also be closed due to descending inhibition strengthened by relaxation or the use of pain medications such as morphine. The brainstem is responsible for controlling the transmission of pain signals through ascending and descending pain pathways.