Topic > Political and Economic Conditions in Precolonial Ghana

Ghana, whether an ancient kingdom or a centrally governed nation in West Africa, has been in the fabric of economic development and trade in sub-Saharan Africa for the past thousand years (Berry, 1994, p. 63). Known for its abundance of gold, the nation of Ghana, touted as “The Gold Coast” by European traders (Berry, 1994, p. 63), felt the political and economic consequences of the world becoming less isolated in the last six centuries thanks to the growing European power. In this essay, by examining the current state of Ghana and drawing on historical exchanges between Europeans and Ghanaians, I aim to reveal the ramifications of British colonialism and globalization on Ghana's political and economic infrastructure. Political and Economic Conditions in Precolonial Ghana Before the British colonization, Ghana used a decentralized form of government such as the Akan political system, in which cities were autonomous and leadership was vested in local traditional leaders, namely chiefs, elders and leader of civil militias (Odotei, 2008). The structure of the indigenous Akan political system also involved aspects of democracy through the consultative process of electing political officials and the administration of each chief of his city, for which the Akan symbols tumi te se kosua and kurontire ne akwamu give an idea (Assanful, 2013). The symbol tumi te se kosua, which translates to “power is like an egg”, describes the fragility of political power if not rightly exercised or if it does not incorporate responsibility, because if power is “held too tight, it could break, if is held too loosely, it may fall and break” (Assanful, 2013, p. 202). The kurontire ne akwamu symbol, derived from the saying "one person does not rule a nation", draws...... in the center of the card...... introduced to the Gold Coast in 1878 by a blacksmith named Tetteh Quarshie (Ludlow , 2012, p. 7). After the Dutch completely withdrew their presence in the Gold Coast in 1872, tensions between the Asante Kingdom and the British began to grow. The Asante, who saw the Dutch as a source of economic support, viewed the recent absence of the Dutch and the growing British presence along the West African coast as a threat to their access to trade (Berry, 1994, p. 7). The Asante subsequently orchestrated an invasion of the coast in 1873, which was quickly extinguished by British military forces. With defeat to the British in 1874, the Asante were forced to cede their southern territories along the coast to the European empire, and the area soon became a British crown colony with Accra rather than Cape Coast as the new colonial capital (Berry, 1994, P. 8).