IntroductionAnimals have been used for pharmaceutical testing throughout history. The Greeks at the beginning of Christ were the first to carry out animal testing using live animals to test experiments and different medicines. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animal_testing) Animal testing has provided many positive aspects to human life, but it is still a controversial issue. Some people believe that animal testing is unnecessary and that alternatives should be considered. Others believe that animal testing is essential to find out whether certain drugs are harmful to humans. Biology Animal testing involves testing drugs on animals to test the effectiveness and side effects of the drug. This is usually done by inhaling, inserting, or placing the drug on the animal's skin. Two regular tests conducted are the LD50 test and the Draize test. LD50 is a common animal test that represents the lethal dose (LD) that will kill 50% of animals tested in a certain period of time. This is the substance to be tested usually inserted into the animal's mouth via a tube. The animals are observed over a series of days to determine what dose of substance. The LD50 is commonly tested on rats and mice and is used to test drugs, agricultural chemicals, detergents, and some cosmetics. (www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/ld50.html#_1_1) The Draize test is an eye or skin irritation test usually conducted on rabbits to determine if the drug is safe by placing a substance on the skin or eyes . The rabbits are immobilized and their eyes are kept open so they cannot blink and wash away the chemical. The effects of the drug are observed over the next few days to see if irritation or reactions occur.( Vicki Katrinak,...... middle of document ....../1/2- Author unknown, 2010,' The Scientific Argument Against Animal Testing', viewed May 17, 2010, www.whitecoatwelfare.org/aat-text.shtml).- Author Unknown, 2010, 'How are Laboratory Animals Used', viewed May 20 - Cook, Kristen, 2006, 'Pro-Test: supporting Animal testing' viewed 17 May 2010, http://www.spiked-online.com/articles/0000000CAF94.htm- Katrinak, Vicki,2007, 'Rabbits Used in Product Testing', viewed 19 May 2010 < www.aavs.org/testingTypesBlinded.html>- Parent, Jason, 2010, “Is Animal Testing Necessary in Scientific Research?” viewed- Singh, Sonu, 2009, “Is There a Replacement for Animal Testing?” seen May 26 2010,