Nigeria is the archetype of the oil nation. Nigeria is the tenth largest producer and eighth largest exporter of crude oil in the world. (EIA, 2013) However, since its inception in the 1950s, the country has suffered environmental deterioration due to oil spills (Watts, 2012). The coastal area of ​​Ondo State is one of those regions where crude oil exploration is ongoing. It is located between the Lagos coast, characterized by high population density and industrial activities, and the Delta coast, where there is a high volume of ongoing crude oil exploration (Olujimi, Emmanuel & Sogbon 2011). Therefore, the area has an increase in domestic and commercial activities. For example, in 1998, one of the world's largest energy multinationals, Chevron, was condemned by residents of Ilaje for dumping and spilling toxic waste and oil, abandoning waste pits, and flaring gas along the axis of the Atlantic Ocean (Turner, 2001). In 2002, a large volume of crude oil leaked in the same area from Chevron's A and B wells (ERA, 2000). Simultaneously, seventeen (17) communities in the coastal area of ​​Ondo State are adversely affected by the oil spill due to the activities of the Bonga field operated by Shell, another multinational oil company. These spills are caused by corrosion, burst oil pipes, poor infrastructure maintenance and corruption. A report published by Amnesty International in 2013 reveals instances in which Shell misreported the extent of oil splitting, the cause of oil spills, and the extent of cleanup (Amnesty International, 2013). The human rights consequences are serious. According to traumatized residents of the affected area, children are falling ill and fish are dying due to contamination of......half the paper......terature (Vogt, 1990; Amadi, Abbey & Nma, 1996 Zwolsman, van Eck & Burger, 1996 and Obuekwe, 2000; Ajayi, Torto, Tchokossa & Akinlua, 2009 John & Okpokwasili, 2012; However, these studies do not combine microbial, physicochemical, mutagenic and heavy metal analyses herein lies the beauty of this research. According to the available literature, no toxicity studies have been conducted in Nigeria on oil polluted areas using microbial tests such as the Ames test, SOS ChromoTest and Toxi-ChromoPad kits very important as the knowledge obtained will be used to measure the bioavailability, potential risk, degree of mobility and fate of oil spills.