As applications of geospatial technologies continually break disciplinary barriers, the need for books about these technologies to reach diverse audiences is greater than ever. The challenge, however, is to write a book about this complicated topic that incorporates knowledge from multiple disciplines and makes it valuable to those who may or may not have diverse educational backgrounds, but need to use these technologies. Most books on geospatial technologies are aimed at a specific audience. In contrast to this, geographic information science tries to address three different audiences (users, students and engineers) using formats and languages ​​that are congenial to them. While this effort is laudable, maintaining balance and appeal to all three audiences is a challenge. The author, Narayan Panigrahi, has managed to achieve this balance but with mixed results. His IT background is clearly visible in the structure and content of the chapters. This book is another addition to the list of introductory GIS textbooks. The book focuses on topics that you would typically need to learn in an introductory GIS course. The author places equations and mathematical formulas throughout the book to explain GIS activities. This is helpful for the student to learn the fundamentals of GIS rather than simply learning GIS software. Aside from the occasional typographical errors and incomplete sentences, the chapters are generally readable and contain several flowcharts, images, and the book is moderately priced. Each chapter ends with study questions and references. The author has tried to organize the chapters into “model input-process-output” or “model view control process” or “information function use case” formats. In the... center of the map......considered GPS – an indispensable part of GIS. Discussions of cartographic principles, commercial GIS software programs, satellite imagery, aerial photography, and geodatabases are some of the other glaring omissions in this book. There is an inconsistency in the depth of topics explored; for example, map projections are explored in great depth, while vector topology is simply glossed over. These omissions and inconsistencies, in my opinion, would make this book slightly less beneficial to all three audiences combined. However, there is something for all of them; structure for engineers, equations for engineers and students, and GIS concepts for students, engineers and users. This book will therefore be undeniably valuable if used to complement material from some of the other foundational GIS books in the discipline. It has merits, but there is room for improvement.