Literature is the mirror that reflects the invisible side of the world. Whether it is the metaphorical description or the emotional influx it brings to readers, literature is a superfluous part in human society. Tragedy, which evokes the darkest repercussions of human suffering and destruction, has undergone a great evolution over the centuries. The shattering of hope may be the most significant factor contributing to the success of a modern tragedy. Pure desperation is capable of bringing the deepest despair and panic, and without hope everything dies. Furthermore, the tragedy should be about some controversial and painful current issues, which could lead to emotional resonance from readers because they feel real. The characters' confrontation with the impossibility of justice and sacrifice for others are common elements in a tragedy. Khaled Hosseini's A Thousand Splendid Suns is a typical example of modern tragedy. The fiction describes the life of Mariam, a girl born illegitimately, who leads a poor life with her mother before and during the war in Afghanistan. Unlike the fairy tales of a poor girl who finally leads a happy life with a prince, Mariam's life is a pure tragedy, never experiencing so-called happiness. He lives in a repetitive cycle of hope and despair. On Mariam's 15th birthday, her father, who is a rich film director, forgot to take her to the cinema. Therefore, Mariam goes to her father's house and waits on the front steps for a whole day. At the end of the day, the driver sends her back to her shack but then surprisingly discovers that her mother has killed herself. Mariam must therefore live with her father. There she is treated well until one day her father compelle...... middle of paper...... peculiarly, in modern tragedies miseries are often caused by the defects of others and the main characters are simply victims of social problems. injustice or coercion of other people towards them. This change may be a reflection of the common social phenomenon that no one is willing to be blamed for making a mistake, and when something goes against their will they are more likely to pass the buck to others. Literature reflects the way people perceive the world. The way literature caters to emotions varies from time to time. Especially from the point of view of tragedies, which require a great flow of emotions and resonance, people from different eras and from different cultural contexts turn to a different approach to sadness. In general, the common characteristic of modern tragedies is that they derive from everyday life and the dark and invisible side of society.