Summarize the main points of the author's argumentIn "Emotion and Meaning in Music", Leonard Meyer discusses how meaning is communicated in music through emotion. Its goal is to show the relationship between two different ways people understand the meaning of music. The first is the formalist position which takes an intellectual approach and argues that the meaning of music lies in the perception and understanding of musical relationships. The second is the absolutist expressionist position which focuses more on the emotions aroused by these musical relationships. Meyer argues that both of these positions are simply different ways of experiencing the same process because “both depend on the same perceptual processes, the same modes of mental organization, and the same musical processes give rise to and shape both types of experience.” (39)Neither approach explained how perceived sound patterns become meaningful or elicit emotional responses. Meyer's answer is that a musical stimulus generates certain expectations. When these expectations are not met, this elicits an emotional response. This process can be interpreted both emotionally and intellectually depending on the listener's background. A more intellectual or technical approach “awaits the expected resolution of a dominant seventh chord.” (40) For others, musical processes are experienced emotionally without conscious consideration. What principle underlies the author's ability to elicit emotional responses in listeners? For a stimulus to elicit an emotional response it must first produce a tendency for the individual to act or think in a certain way. The emotion is then aroused if that tendency to respond is inhibited. “When instinctive reactions are stimulated that... at the center of the card... the physical stimulus, the musical event to which it refers and the individual. He argues that “observed meanings are not subjective” (34) and are “real connections existing objectively in culture.” (34) However, it recognizes that they are the product of cultural experience. This seems to suggest that one must be familiar with a particular style of music for it to have meaning. Since meaning and emotion depend on our expectations, “a stimulus or gesture that does not indicate or arouse expectations of a subsequent musical event or conclusion is meaningless. Since expectation is largely a stylistic product or experience, music in a style with which we are completely unfamiliar makes no sense.” (35) Meaningless is too strong a word. We must fully understand the relationships between each musical stimulus to derive any kind of meaning from them?